-Basudeba Mishra
To avoid ambiguity, this involves explaining the photon, the phonon, nature of their general interaction and its effect on our genes and brain that leads to conscious actions. We will try to explain it briefly.
Photon-Phonon interaction on our Genes, Brains etc.
Photons are “particles” representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. The nature of energy is to displace, which leads to transformation. Objects are perceived only during such transition. Such transitions involve standing waves, which also generate sound. Thus; perception includes audio-visual aspects or electromagnetic and sound waves and their interpretation (or as the Vedas advise द्रष्टव्यः श्रोतव्यः मन्तव्यः). A wave, by definition, is continuous. A particle is discrete. Hence something can be described both as a wave and a particle only at a point – the interface of two waves. The photon consists of two standing waves of force – one an expansive electro force and the other the contractive magnetic force. When these waves intersect each other perpendicularly, it is called an electromagnetic particle. The particle vanishes as the forces separate in their continuation as standing waves. Photon is the locus of this interface in a direction perpendicular to both. (This explains the three perceived spatial dimensions, which are the perceived interface between the internal structural space and external relational space of objects). Hence it carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency and is called the carrier of electromagnetic energy. Being ever mobile, it cannot have rest mass, though it can be brought to rest by trapping it between opposing forces. A wave always requires a medium. Since density plays an important role in momentum transfer; and since density of space is the minimum; the velocity of photon in space is the maximum.
Phonons are quasi-particles. They reduce a description in terms of interacting degrees of freedom (lattice ions) to a simpler description in terms of non-interacting collective excitations. When electron-phonon interactions or other non-linearities are taken into account, the phonons cease to be free particles. Phonons are a lot like photons, which are collective excitations of the electromagnetic field or collective excitations of the lattice displacement field. There are two key distinctions between phonons and fundamental particles like electrons. Firstly, phonons are an effective description that only makes sense above a certain length scale, the lattice spacing (अन्तरिक्ष – अन्तरा क्षान्तं भवति). If we can look so closely that we can resolve the microscopic motion of individual lattice ions, then the description in terms of phonons is meaningless. The other distinction is that phonons are gapless (mass-less), which means it can be created with an arbitrarily small amount of energy (from the all pervading field). New electrons can only be created by processes involving energies larger than the electron rest mass. These energies are inaccessible at the low temperatures dealt with by condensed matter physicists. However, such energies are accessible in high energy physics, where one must replace the description of electrons by wave functions to a description in terms of quantum fields. Then electrons are viewed as collective excitations of the Dirac field, which exists at every point in space-time. So in relativistic quantum field theory the distinction between fundamental particles and collective excitations becomes blurred by the formalism. This, in Vedic terminology, is called रयि.
Phonons are analogous to photons, having energy of ћω as quanta of excitation of the lattice vibration mode of angular frequency ω. Since the momentum ћk is exact, by the uncertainty principle, the position of phonons cannot be determined, and so, phonons are not localized particles. Nevertheless, just like the case with photons or electrons, a fairly localized wavepacket can be constructed by combining modes of slightly different frequency and wavelength. By taking waves with a spread of k of order π/10a, a wavepacket localized within about 10 unit cells are made, representing a fairly localized phonon with group velocity dω/dk; within the limits of the uncertainty principle. Although it is convenient to interpret ћk as the phonon momentum, it is not really the true kinematic momentum and often referred to as ‘crystal momentum’. In a so-called 1D crystal lattice, a lattice mode with wavenumber k can be equally represented by a wavenumber k + 2πn/a. Therefore, it is not possible to give a unique value of k to a phonon. Like photons, phonons are bosons and not conserved; they can be created or destroyed in collisions. Phonons, through emission or absorption, scatter inelastically with neutrons by experiment and determines the phonon dispersion relations ω(k). The ω(k) curve for lattice vibrations can be interpreted with both axes multiplied by ћ, as a relation between energy and momentum for phonons (E = ћω, p = ћk). Phonon dispersion relation shows features in crystals with two or more atoms per primitive basis.
When the unit cell contains more than one atom, the crystal will contain two types of phonon, optical and acoustic. Optical phonons are excited easily by light. In optical phonons, positive and negative phonons swing against each other. In acoustic phonons, both positive and negative ions swing together.
Phonons and electrons are said to be the two main types of elementary particles or excitations in solids. Whereas electrons are responsible for the electrical properties of materials, phonons determine such things as the speed of sound within a material and how much heat it takes to change its temperature. For this reason, based on the three types of heat propagation: conduction, radiation and convection, which are known in the Vedas as निर्भुज (न भुजति न वक्रोभवतीति), प्रतृण्णम् (प्रकर्षेण त्वरते स्म) and उभयमन्तरेण, the state of the objects are also classified into three categories: solid (निविडावयव), fluid (तरलावयव) and plasma states (विरलावयव) respectively. It is well known that in a solid, the atoms are neatly arranged in a lattice, in plasma, the atoms are quite free to move out and in a fluid; these are in an intermediate state.
A lattice is a regular repeated three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a metal or other crystalline solid – a geometric arrangement of the points in space at which the atoms, molecules or ions of a crystal occur. To get a complete shape of solid, its atoms, molecules or ions must be placed at some particular places or points. A crystal lattice basically tells us about the basic structure of those points. After the correct placement of atoms on those points the original crystal structure is obtained. Each single point in a crystal lattice is known as lattice site or lattice point. This is called प्रतिष्ठा or आलम्बन in the Vedas.
An electron is considered a fundamental particle in the Standard Model, while a phonon is really a simplified description of the complicated quantized motion of an enormous number of lattice ions. This is because phonons arise from a more fundamental structure, the crystal lattice, which can be observed directly in X-ray diffraction experiments. On the other hand, no experiment to date has revealed a more fundamental structure from which the electron field emerges. The mathematical correspondence between collective excitations in low-energy condensed matter and fundamental particles at high energy has led some scientists to suggest that the fundamental fields of the Standard Model are really effective low-energy (compared to the Planck scale) descriptions of a more fundamental structure of the quantum vacuum. This structure would only become apparent on length scales too small to be resolved with current technology. This structure is known to us as अम्भः or प्रलय पयोधिजल.
A sound wave is perturbations of density, pressure and velocity, where sites of maximum density alternate with sites of minimum density to generate and propagate the vibrations. They are distributed periodically and propagate in the medium with the velocity of sound. The wavelength is a weak perturbation, where the relative values of the density amplitude (i.e., the greatest value of density, divided by the average density of the medium) is small as compared to unity. If we take a sound wave of large amplitude, the pressure and temperature in the maxima of density prove to be noticeably greater than their average values. The velocity of sound at these maxima is also greater. Due to this reason, the crests of the wave propagate in the environment faster than the wave as a whole. Similarly, the velocity of sound at the minima of density is less than the average velocity. Hence the troughs move slower than the whole wave and the crests tend to overtake the troughs. When a crest gets closer to a trough, the layer of the density drop becomes narrower and the wave front becomes steeper. If the crest could catch up and overtake the trough, the wave front would turn over like those in the sea. This is the reason why the structure of the universe is closed and called नैमिषारण्य. This also explains the Vedic dictum तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिरेषाम्.
A Gene or a set of genes do not work in Isolation. Removing, modifying or introducing new genes has a positive or negative (but rarely neutral) impact on the entire system. Modern scientists think that 98% of the DNA is useless and even termed it junk DNA! They only know the functionality of 2-3% of the human DNA which was about manufacturing proteins. Since they did not see via experiments what other 97-98% of the DNA did, they had concluded that it is junk (non-coding DNA in scientific terms). But the fact is, the primary function of our DNA is not protein synthesis, as biologists will tell you, but the reception and transfer of electromagnetic energy.
DNA strands 2 to 12 are “unplugged’ – they are not active. None of these are biological but are electromagnetic, extending into higher frequencies from strand 2 to strand 12 – they would be patterned within space, and nested internally non-linearly. The electromagnetic strands may be described as etheric, and there could be considered to be 12 etheric in number (द्वादश आदित्यः – आददानां याति – द्यौ स्थानीय देवता) and 2 physical (रयि-प्राण), since each of the physical biological strands have etheric counterparts. Hence life is fundamentally electromagnetic (अग्निषोमात्मक जगत्) than biochemical, the DNA blueprint functioning as a bio-hologram (विम्ब-प्रतिविम्ब अंशांशीभाव) which serves as a guiding matrix for organizing physical form. The sense organs (इन्द्रिय) are said to have separate Deities (देवता) and objects of perception (विषय). The counterparts of objects of perception (विषय) in अधिभूत are called sense organs (इन्द्रिय) in अधिदैव and Deities (देवता) in अध्यात्म. Since it requires energy for all types of motions and since there are five types of fundamental interactions (अंतर्याम, वहिर्याम, उपयाम, यातयाम, उद्याम) involving energy: strong, weak, electromagnetic, beta decay, and stabilization in spinning orbits at the maximum possible distance against a common barycenter (gravitation) in Vedas (आकुञ्चन, अवक्षेपण, प्रसारण, उत्क्षेपण, गमन), these are five each in number.
Our DNA is capable of producing and receiving sound (phonons) and light (photons) The DNA is a kind of a lens which can attract electromagnetic energy into itself. Every Biochemical reaction is preceded by an Electromagnetic signal. Cells and DNA communicate through frequencies, which are known in the Vedas as छन्दs. These are of three types for interaction for the three states of matter: solid (निविडावयव), fluid (तरलावयव) and plasma states (विरलावयव) called गायत्रि, त्रिस्तुभ and जगती respectively. Thus, छन्द is one of the observables (पशु) that holds the body together (छन्दांसि पोष अन्नानि सलिलान्यग्नयः क्रमात्. पञ्चैते पशवः नित्यं प्राणेष्वेते प्रतिष्ठिताः). Hence DNA can send and receive powerful data through a universal network of ether. DNA is like the master tuning fork in the body. It would strike a particular frequency and certain other molecules would follow – the waves are longitudinal rather field like. Energy cannot be destroyed – it can only be transformed.
DNA holds the memory of our perfect forms. DNA can be influenced by acoustic, electromagnetic and scalar waves our DNA can even be “read” or “rewritten” as a textual (and acoustic or मांत्रिक) genetic code. DNA is a biological internet (जाल) that links all human beings. Chromosomes that are damaged by X-rays, for instance, can be repaired by simply applying vibration and language, or sound combined with intention, or words, to DNA! Our DNA has remembered all the things that ever happened to human beings. Each cell of the body contains all of DNA’s infinite possibilities all of the time, from the moment of conception till death.
Now your question can be answered as follows:
मनो बुद्धिरहंकारो भूतानि गिरयो दिशः। इति या यास्तु रचनाश्चितस्तत्वाज्जगत्स्थितेः। चितेश्चित्वं जगद्विद्धि नाजगच्चित्त्वमस्ति हि। अजगत्त्वादचिच्चित्स्याद्भानाद्भेदो जगत्कुतः। चितेर्मरीचिबीजस्य निजा यान्तश्चमत्कृतिः। सा चैषा जीवतन्मात्रमात्रं जगदिति स्थिता। चित्तात्स्वशक्तिकचनं यदहंभावनं चित्तः। जीवः स्पंदनकर्मात्मा भविष्यदभिधो ह्यसौ। यच्चिच्चित्त्वेन कचनं स्वसंपाद्याभिधात्मकम्। स्वविकारैर्व्व्यवच्छेद्यं भिद्यते नो न विद्यते। चित्स्पंदरूपिणोरस्ति ना भेदः कर्तृकर्मणोः। स्पंदमात्रं भवेत्कर्म स एव पुरुषः स्मृतः। जीवश्चित्तपरिस्पंदः पुंसां चित्तं स एव च। मनस्त्विन्द्रियरूपं सत्सत्तां नानेव गच्छति। शान्ताशेषविशेषं हि चित्प्रकाशच्छटा जगत्। कार्यकारणकादित्वं तस्मादन्यन्न विद्यते।
Briefly, it could be explained as follows: A wave is not different from or can exist independent of water, which is its base or ground (प्रतिष्ठा or आलम्बन). While the wave moves on passing the momentum, the water below stays unaffected. Similarly, Consciousness is the base or ground (प्रतिष्ठा or आलम्बन) for all motions that are perceived, though it remains unaffected (नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोsयं सनातनः). Anything subjected to creation (जन्म), growth (बृद्धि), deformation (जरा) and change of form (मृत्यु) is called observable (व्यक्त). Since these attributes do not exist in Consciousness, it is called attributeless (अव्यक्त). The observables are like waves in the water. Thus, it is not different, but different manifestations of the samething. This divides everything into two categories: Consciousness dominated Doer (चैतन्यप्रधान अहंकार कर्ता) and action dominated objects (स्पंदप्रधान प्राण क्रिया). Action dominated objects (स्पंदप्रधान प्राण क्रिया) are called living (जीव). It functions mechanically according to the nature of the forces involved. When the forces are dormant (प्रसुप्तस्पन्दन), these are called inert body matter or objects. When the forces have limited degrees of freedom (सवासनाविला), depending upon their degrees of freedom, they are called plants…animals. When it gets full expression (प्रवृद्धस्पन्दन), they are the human beings. The brain, genes, DNA, microtubules, neurons, etc, belong to the category inert body matter. They function following mechanical rules. Thus, in a dead body, they also become dead.