REFORMING COULOMB’S LAW – Basudeba Mishra
लिङ्ग तथा योषा-वृषा भाव
Charge (लिङ्गम्) is the interactive potential of an object (सामर्थ्यं सर्वभावानाम् । सामर्थ्यम् समर्थस्य भावः । सम् + अर्थँ॒ उपया॒च्ञाया॑म् । स्वतःसिद्धः स्वरूपो भावः). It is a measure of the tendency for interaction with other bodies (संग्रहकारिते वै धारणाकर्षणे । संग्रहो नाम संयोगसहचरितंगुणान्तरं स्नेहद्रवत्वकरितम्). There can be no bare charge like there is can be no bare mass, because the very process called creation involves coupling with others. There is no body, which contains only positive or only negative charge. Everything in the universe is characterized by the partial internal dominance of one charge over the other with the negative charge dominating in the stable configurations (स्त्रियः सतीस्ताँ उ मे पुंस आहुः – ऋग्वेदः 1-164-16).
There can be no bare charge like there is can be no bare mass, because the very process called creation involves coupling with others.
Basudeba Mishra
Positive charge radially moves out from its position (प्रसवः). Negative charge confines the positive charge (संस्त्यानम्). When two opposite charges interact fully (धारणम् – like isotopes that contain extra neutrons, but can’t create new atoms), it gives rise to color charge (अन्न-अन्नादभावः – त्रिगुणम् – अजामेकां लोहितशुक्लकृष्णां बह्वीः प्रजाः सृजमानां सरूपाः। श्वेताश्वेतरोपनिषत् – 4-5). When they interact partially, retaining their individuality (आकर्षणम् – like protons and neutrons), they give rise to electric charge (स्त्री-पुरुषभावः). While color charge is natural and non-emergent (बहिर्हेत्वनपेक्षी – स्वतःसिद्धः स्वरूपम्), electric charge is emergent due to concentration of units (निसर्गः – सुदृढाभ्यासजन्यः संस्कारः). Here full interaction (धारणम्) means coupling due to prohibition of the released part (प्रवर्ग्य) from going out of the confinement. This happens in quarks. Partial interaction (आकर्षणम्) means coupling to one part so that the released part (प्रवर्ग्य) is partially free to move or has limited degrees of freedom.
Protons radiate out positive charge that moves itself (energy – प्राणः). Electrons are points, where the radiation is confined by the “electron sea” that controls motion to bring it to an orderly form (field – रयि – री॒ गतिरेष॒णयोः॑). For this reason, the charge of electrons are slightly in excess than that of proton. This has been found in many experiments. Electrostatic force is a mutual force that is conservative – the work done is independent of the path taken.
Coulomb force or the electrostatic force is incomplete description of nature. It does not apply to interaction between a charged body and a charge-neutral body, where the equation becomes meaningless. It is limited only to the interaction – attraction or repulsion of particles based of their electric charge in other cases.
Energy is one only, which appears in five primary and infinite secondary ways based on the function it does – hence gets five or infinite names.
Of the five, the first is compression or confinement (आकुञ्चन), which is the same as the strong nuclear interaction. Here two different types (विजातीय) of quarks generate a proton or neutron depending upon the nature of the constituents (अन्तर्याम). Here, the point to note is: the negative charge is less in magnitude than the positive charge (अग्निर्जागार तमयं सोम आह तवाहमस्मि सख्ये न्योकाः – ऋग्वेद 5-44-15) and the particles are charged and more than two quarks (यो जागार तमृचः कामयन्ते यो जागार तमु सामानि यन्ति – ऋग्वेद 5-44-14). In modern science, charge interactions are described by the Coulomb’s law, which describes only interaction between charged particles. It cannot describe interaction between a charged particle and a charge-neutral object.
In Vedic sciences, the charge interaction is described as follows:
- Interaction between two positive charges lead to repulsion (विस्फोटक).
- Total interaction between a positive charges and a negative charge lead to increase in the mass number or creation of a new isotopes (पुष्टिकर).
- Partial interaction between a positive charges and a negative charge lead to creation of new atoms (सृष्टिकर).
- Interaction between two negative charges only increases the charge density and is otherwise ineffective (निरर्थक). For this reason only, we can have electricity, where electrons flow without repelling each other. The flow is not repulsion, but it is the nature of energy – to push everything.
In modern science, charge interactions are described by the Coulomb’s law, which describes only interaction between charged particles. It cannot describe interaction between a charged particle and a charge-neutral object.
Basudeba Mishra
Charge neutral is where both opposite charges are in equilibrium. Interaction with a charged body, breaks the equilibrium. Hence it can interact with a charged body. This makes total charged bodies into seven categories – three individually (positive, negative, neutral), three in two’s and one with all three combined. This has important applications in cosmology.